How to Achieve Critical Mass in Social Media
How Do You Achieve Critical Mass in Social Media?
There is no question about it, when you first start a blog, a Facebook page, or a Twitter account, it is HARD to build up your account. In no way does the 1980s “if you build it, they will come” philosophy work in social media. You have to prove your worth on the social media site, and you have to put the work in to get out there and let people know you exist plus prove to them that you’re worth spending time with.
There isn’t just one thing that brings you to a critical mass. It has to do with the quality of your posts, your ability to understand and cater to your target audience, the focus, authenticity, and consistency of your outreach efforts… and truth be told, a bit of luck.
Hitting critical mass is quick, unpredictable, and totally exciting! And once critical mass happens, the momentum soars. People will come to you. It is a glorious time!
What Number Makes Critical Mass?
At LinkedIn, users get a special prize for having more than 500 connections. Is 500 the magic critical mass number? Do you only need 500 fans, 500 blog visitors per day, or 500 Twitter followers, before it takes on a life of its own?
I would say it depends on the quality of your posts as to whether your critical mass will be 500, 1,000 or 2,000. High quality posts, such as those on our client TisBest’s Facebook page, quickly allowed the company to reach 500 loyal fans. Once that happened, the Facebook fans took off on their own – telling their friends who in turn tell their friends – and quickly the TisBest fan base surpassed 1,000, and continues growing strong. And they don’t have to try anymore – they can focus on continued quality and timely engagement.
However, we have other clients who take longer to learn how to effectively engage their audience and turn fans into advocates. For them, it takes somewhere between 1,000 and 2,000 fans before their accounts really take off unattended. It depends quite a bit on post quality and well-timed regularity, as well as developing the skills to truly engage.
Metcalfe’s Law, Zipf’s Law, and The Long Tail
These three principles are often spoken or written about in discussions of critical mass. In the blogging spirit of brevity, rather than fully dissecting them I’ll just give a brief summary and hope that in doing so I don’t grossly oversimplify the ideas so much that they are unrecognizable.
They are all 3 related:
In Metcalfe’s Law, the value of a network is proportional to the square of the number of users who are connected within that network. Fair enough: your network is only as powerful as its number of users*. (Bob Metcalfe is attributed to inventing the Ethernet, by the way.)
- Zipf’s Law is a law of scale, where the quantity of (whatever it is you’re studying) is inversely proportional to its rank within a group of (whatever it is you’re studying). So essentially the popularity of a word, website, or fan page follows a predictable distribution that is proportional to the popularity of all the words, websites, or fan pages.
Not terribly profound, but it does put things in perspective: if you are a microfinance site, you can only be as popular as microfinance sites are – a microfinance blog’s fan size and growth is proportional to other microfinance blogs, and will not be proportional to a social media blog, or example. Unless an unpredictable and large variable comes to play, social media blogs are just going to be more popular than microfinance blogs, so there is no reason to strive that high!
- The Long Tail is essentially a niche marketing strategy, coined by Clay Shirky and popularized by Chris Anderson in a 2004 Wired article and later a book by the same name. A free market generally follows a distribution that favors the most popular 20% of retail items.
So think of movies: the top 20% of movies are all that Blockbuster or Wallmart would ever care about and stock, because that’s all that works with their market model. They can’t have a bunch of slow-selling items on their shelves for months at a time.
But then along comes Netflix, who is making a killing on the other 80% of the titles! It costs next to nothing for Netflix to stock a whole lot of different titles due to their new kind of model. The same is true for blogs, Facebook pages, or Twitter accounts. So what if you aren’t in Technorati’s top 100 – you can still make a big impact. Thanks to Netflix, there are a whole lot of documentaries that are actually getting seen – and changing people’s minds – because someone believed in the long tail.
Personally, I don’t think any one of these principles stands on its own as a guide for how we should think about critical mass in social media. But together they do begin to paint a picture of the types of things that play a part in success. And the greatest factor of all is still the creation and maintenance of an infrastructure of true engagement.
All three principles fall flat if they aren’t effectively set up and maintained.
*Note: there is some argument that users do not equal Metcalfe’s original description of “compatibly communicating devices”, but we’re interpreting loosely here anyway.
Speaking of the Long Tail….
Sometimes it Just Takes One Person
At One Green Generation, I have an advocate who has brought me far. That advocate just happens to be one of the top respected people on reddit.com. That means every time he or she posts a link from my site, it has the potential to go up the reddit ratings very quickly. On January 4, 2009, when many people were just starting to enact their “go green”new year’s resolutions, qgyh2 posted a link of mine, and my blog stats rose from 500 a day to nearly 3,000 in one day.
While most of those 2,500 new people did not stay and become regular readers or subscribers, a few did. And, because there were so many people coming to the site, one or two of those reddit users also had a StumbleUpon account, and happened to have a lot of clout there. The next day, reddit and StumbleUpon users together brought almost 5,000 people to the site. Then more people Stumbled the post over the coming weeks and months, and still today I have at least 150 readers each day coming to read that one post. And over those two days, my site surpassed its critical mass.
Which brings me to….
Sometimes it Just Takes One Post
Now don’t get me wrong, you can’t have a site full of crappy posts with one good one. Yes, people will come and read that good one, but they won’t stick around. Overall quality needs to be paramount. It is important to occasionally spend quite a bit longer to write a well-researched, well-laid out article that people will pass on to their friends. These longer, deeper articles are ALWAYS the ones that end up Stumbled, reddited, and bringing in hits long after I’ve posted the article.
But note that these posts will generate high traffic only if they come at the right time, and when you’ve already hit critical mass.
Typical articles that work well in this category are How To or Top Ten articles. They’re also articles that get to the heart of whatever field your blog plays within. And finally, something I have never done, they are the posts that list a lot of other bloggers and essentially bolster their egos. Magazine and newspaper blogs do this: The Top 100 Bloggers of the Year, for example.
And one final note: it’s rarely predictable when critical mass will happen, and when a post will go “viral.” You can’t get disappointed if you spend 24 hours creating the best article you’ve ever written, and it doesn’t get any play at all.
Viral Happens More On Some Days Than Others
Watch your site stats. Watch your comments. When is there the most activity on your site? What time of day do your readers most like to read your posts? Answer these questions, and then make sure your most important articles are posted during the peak times.
If your site is virtually dead on a Sunday, don’t post the article on Sunday. If it peaks on Wednesday afternoon (many sites do), post on Wednesday morning so it’s there and waiting.
Don’t Discount SEO
The intricacies of SEO are for another post, but I encourage you to not take SEO lightly. Some of my most loyal readers came to my blog via a recipe they found on Google, or a solution for how to get rid of ants sustainably on Yahoo. How do I know this? They have told me so.
Follow Your Own Path
I want to conclude this article by recognizing the incredible human-ness of the internet and every social media site. The internet is people, through and through. People are not always predictable. And people are not always good predictors. So write good articles and posts that follow best practices, write them frequently, tell your friends and acquaintances about them, and have the infrastructure in place that allows for good strong engagement. If you do all of those things well, and have a little patience, you’ll probably do just fine!
Have You Experienced Critical Mass?
Please share your tips with all of us, or ask questions if you have them!













